NEW YORK (Reuters) – Stocks cut losses and the Nasdaq turned positive on Tuesday as equities continued to show resilience after a five-day rally, but investors were cautious as talks to resolve Greece's debt crisis faltered.

The Dow Jones industrial average (.DJI) dropped 34.47 points, or 0.27 percent, to 12,674.35. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index (.SPX) dropped 3.78 points, or 0.29 percent, to 1,312.22. The Nasdaq Composite Index (.IXIC) gained 1.32 points, or 0.05 percent, to 2,785.49.

(Reporting By Edward krudy; editing by Jeffrey Benkoe)

BANGKOK – Asian stock markets rose Friday as strong earnings and positive jobs data out of the U.S. added to hopes that the economic recovery in the world’s largest economy is for real.

Japan’s Nikkei 225 index rose 1.2 percent to 8,744.15. South Korea’s Kospi rose 0.9 percent to 1,932.71. Hong Kong’s Hang Seng added 0.2 percent to 19,989.15 and Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 was 0.5 percent higher at 4,234.70.

Benchmarks in Singapore, New Zealand and mainland China were also higher. Taiwan markets were closed ahead of Chinese New Year, which starts Monday.

Strong corporate earnings reports in the U.S. boosted investor tolerance for risk assets like stocks. IBM Corp.’s fourth-quarter earnings also beat Wall Street expectations. Bank of America and Morgan Stanley both reported results that were better than analysts were expecting.

That helped lift shares in Japan’s major banks, including Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, which jumped 4.8 percent, and Mizuho Financial Group, up 4.6 percent. Nomura Holdings added 3.4 percent.

On top of earnings came data that showed the U.S. job market is strengthening. The number of people seeking unemployment benefits fell last week to 352,000, the fewest since April 2008.

Resources stocks advanced following strong gains in metals prices overnight.

Mining giant Rio Tinto Ltd. rose 0.8 percent. Fortescue Metals Group, Australia’s third-biggest iron ore producer, gained 1.2 percent.

Meanwhile, France and Spain held successful bond auctions, their first since Standard & Poor’s downgraded their credit ratings last week. The result was a sign that politicians and central bankers have at least temporarily stemmed the spread of Europe’s debt crisis.

Analysts warn, however, that a looming recession could hinder efforts to slash deficits while Greece depends on a deal with banks to avoid a disastrous default this spring. Closely watched debt-restructuring negotiations are taking place this week between Athens and private creditors. Failure to seal an agreement would likely result in a financially disastrous default by Greece.

“For the moment, the market expects a deal to be made while downside risk still exists and any disappointment could end the week of rallies,” Credit Agricole CIB in Hong Kong said in an email.

The Dow Jones industrial average gained 0.4 percent to close at 12,623.98. The Standard & Poor’s 500 index added 0.5 percent to close at 1,314.50. Both averages are at their highest since July. The Nasdaq added 0.7 percent to close at 2,788.33.

Benchmark crude for February delivery was down 4 cents at $100.35 a barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange.

The stock market offered a reminder Friday that even if the U.S. job market is improving, there’s plenty to worry about elsewhere in the world.

The unemployment rate fell in December to 8.5 percent, the lowest level in nearly three years. Yet stock indexes teetered between small gains and losses all day as traders fretted about Europe’s ongoing financial drama.

Italy’s borrowing costs spiked to dangerously high levels and the euro fell to a 16-month low against the dollar. U.S. bank stocks fell on concerns that the debt crisis will spread through the financial industry.

The Dow Jones industrial average ended down nearly 56 points and the S&P had a tiny loss, its first of the year. Both gained more than 1 percent over the first week of 2012.

Most European markets closed lower after new data showed economic sentiment and retail sales falling across the region. Unemployment is stuck at 10.3 percent in the 17 nations that use the euro.

Europe’s debt woes and China’s slowing economy are overshadowing signs of strength in the U.S. economy, said Doug Cote, chief market strategist at ING Investment Management.

“The global risks continue to exert their weight,” Cote said. Ultimately, improving U.S. stronger consumer demand, manufacturing activity and corporate profits will drive U.S. stocks higher, Cote said.

The Dow Jones industrial average fell 55.78 points, or 0.5 percent, to 12,359.92. Alcoa Inc. was the Dow’s biggest loser, slipping 2.1 percent. A Citi analyst forecast that the aluminum maker lost money in the fourth quarter of 2011 for the first time since the recession. Alcoa, which reports earnings Monday, said late Thursday it would close an aluminum smelter in Tennessee and other operations to cut costs.

The latest sign that the labor market is strengthening failed to spur buying by investors. The unemployment rate fell last month to 8.5 percent, while U.S. employers added a net 200,000 jobs, the Labor Department said.

The economy has generated 100,000 or more jobs each month for the past six, the longest such streak since April 2006. The number of people applying for unemployment benefits last week fell, pushing the four-week average of new claims down to its lowest level since June 2008.

In other trading, the Standard & Poor’s 500 index fell 3.25 points, or 0.3 percent, to 1,277.81. The Nasdaq composite index rose 4.36, or 0.2 percent, to 2,674.22.

It was the second day in a row of indecisive trading on the stock market. The Dow and the S&P closed nearly unchanged Thursday. The indexes still had strong gains in this first, shortened trading week of the year. The Dow is up 1.2 percent this week, the S&P 1.6 percent. Trading was closed Monday, when the New Year’s Day holiday was observed.

The euro fell as low as $1.2696 Friday, its lowest point since Sept. 10, 2010. The yield on the 10-year Treasury note fell to 1.97 percent from 2 percent late Thursday as investors put money into low-risk investments. Bond yields fall when demand for them increases.

Italy is now paying 7.09 percent to borrow for 10 years, reflecting investors’ fears that the nation might default. Ireland and Portugal were forced to take bailouts when their ten-year borrowing rates rose above 7 percent.

Unlike those nations, Italy is too big for the rest of Europe to bail out. Leaders of France and Italy met in Paris on Friday to discuss the spiraling debt crisis that threatens to engulf both nations and push much of the region into recession.

In corporate news:

• Family Dollar Stores Inc. plunged 7.5 percent, the most in the S&P 500, after reporting revenue that was less than Wall Street expected.

• Dendreon Corp. jumped 16.3 percent after the drug developer said sales of its prostate-cancer therapy Provenge kept growing in the fourth quarter. Sales of the drug jumped 25 percent over the previous quarter.

• Global Payments Inc. fell 3.4 percent after the processor of credit, debit and gift card payments reported earnings that fell short of analysts’ expectations. Janney Capital Markets analyst Thomas McCrohan said prospects for a sustained increased in profit margins “remain fleeting.”

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Stocks closed higher Friday after a quiet, pre-holiday session that turned the S&P 500 index positive for the year.

Traders were relieved by news that Congress extended a payroll tax holiday for workers and emergency unemployment benefits. Both programs were set to expire at the end of the year. Letting that happen would have reduced economic growth by about 1 percent, analysts said.

The final business day before Christmas also was the slowest full day of trading so far this year. Traders exchanged just 2.22 billion shares, about half of the recent average. The market will be closed on Monday because Christmas falls on a Sunday this year.

Stocks have risen steadily since Tuesday on hopeful signs about the pace of economic growth in the fourth quarter, which ends next week. New claims for unemployment benefits fell last week to the lowest level since April 2008, long before anyone realized the nation was in a recession.

A series of mixed economic reports Friday did little to derail that optimism. The Standard & Poor’s 500 index added 11.33 points, or 0.9 percent, to 1,265.33. It started the year at 1,257.64.

Stocks might surge into the new year if the S&P 500 passes a couple of key technical thresholds, said Todd Salamone, research director at Schaeffer’s Investment Research.

Fund managers currently hold relatively few stocks, Salamone noted, and many of their funds have underperformed the market and are negative for the year. If the index rises farther above its break-even point for the year or its average over the past several months, fund managers might flood into the market in a last-ditch attempt to improve their annual returns, he said.

“The worst thing that can happen for a fund manager is to underperform and be in the red when your benchmark, the S&P index, is in the green” for the year, Salamone said.

The Dow Jones industrial average rose 124.35 points, or 1 percent, to 12,294. Bank of America Corp. was the Dow’s biggest gainer, adding 2.4 percent. All but two of the 30 Dow stocks rose, Alcoa Inc. and Boeing Co.

The Dow has risen 527.74 points, or 4.5 percent in the past four days. It was the first four-day winning streak for the Dow since mid-September.

The Nasdaq composite index gained 19.19 points, or 0.7 percent, to 2,618.64.

Earlier Friday, the government said that consumer spending and incomes barely grew in November. The weak gains suggest that consumers may have trouble sustaining their spending into 2012.

In another worrying sign, a measure of business investment decreased for the second straight month. Business investment has been a pocket of strong demand and spending amid a sluggish recovery. A tax break that encouraged companies to invest in new equipment and facilities expires at the end of the year.

Yet hopes for the economy remained high after this week’s encouraging news about the job market and strong holiday sales for retailers.

Among the companies making big moves:

• Rambus Inc. jumped 12.2 percent after the technology licensing company said it reached a patent license deal with Broadcom Corp. and settled a lawsuit with the chip maker.

• TripAdvisor Inc. rose 6.1 percent, the most in the S&P 500, as traders reassessed the value of the newly-spun off travel review website. The stock had fallen sharply since it officially started trading on Wednesday. It recovered some losses on Friday as analysts weighed its rapidly growing revenue and market share.

• Eastman Kodak Co. rose 9.5 percent after the struggling photography company said its general counsel, Laura Quatela, would become co-president on Jan. 1.

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Follow Daniel Wagner at http://www.twitter.com/wagnerreports.

NEW YORK – Stronger retail sales and surging profits from Google sent stocks higher Friday. The Dow Jones industrial average turned positive for the year and the S&P 500 index had its best week in more than two years.

Retail sales increased 1.1 percent in September, the biggest gain in seven months and double what economists projected. Retail sales are a key barometer of consumer spending, which helps drive economic growth. It was the latest positive report on the U.S. economy and added to a growing body of evidence that another U.S. recession isn’t as likely as many had feared.

“The market’s decline was predicated on the collapse of the euro zone and a U.S. recession,” said Dan Greenhaus, chief global strategist at the broker BTIG in New York. “Neither seems likely now.”

The Dow rose 166.36 points, or 1.4 percent, to close at 11,644.49. The average of 30 large companies has shot up 9.3 percent after hitting 10,655 on Oct. 3, its lowest level of the year.

The Standard & Poor’s 500 rose 20.92, or 1.7 percent, to 1,224.58. The index gained 6 percent this week, the best week since July 2009. It was the highest close for the S&P since Aug. 3, when Washington was in paralysis over raising the country’s borrowing limit.

The dollar and U.S. Treasury prices fell as investors moved money into assets that perform better when the economy picks up. The yield on the 10-year Treasury note rose to 2.25 percent, the highest level since August.

Oil and other commodities rose sharply. Energy industry stocks jumped. Exxon Mobil Corp. jumped 2.3 percent to $78.11; Chevron Corp. rose 2.7 percent to $100.47.

Stock indexes have reversed a long slide in recent weeks, helped by better news on the U.S. economy and progress in Europe toward resolving that region’s debt crisis. Hiring has picked up, although modestly, and manufacturing continued to grow. The Dow soared 330 points Monday after the leaders of France and Germany pledged to come up with a far-reaching solution to the region’s debt crisis by the end of October.

Google Inc. shot up 5.8 percent to $591.68 after its quarterly income jumped 26 percent. Apple Inc. rose 3.3 percent to $422 as its new iPhone went on sale. Record-setting iPhone sales have helped Apple thrive this year even as the economy slowed.

The two tech leaders helped the Nasdaq gain 7.6 percent this week. That’s the best week since July 2009. The Nasdaq rose 47.61 points Friday, or 1.8 percent, to 2,667.85.

Navistar International Corp. jumped 7.3 percent to $41.51 on news that the billionaire investor Carl Icahn bought a stake in the maker of military trucks and recreational vehicles.

Retail sales are the government’s first look at consumer spending each month. Household spending on everything from clothes to health care accounts for 70 percent of the U.S. economy. If that spending falls sharply, a recession is more likely.

European markets extended an eight-day rally despite an overnight downgrade of Spain by Standard & Poor’s and warnings from Fitch about big banks. Food and soap company Unilever PLC announced a major acquisition, and Swiss agrochemicals firm Syngenta reported strong third-quarter sales.

Google reported late Thursday that its third-quarter revenue was one-third higher than last year. It was Google’s fourth consecutive quarter of year-over-year revenue growth. Google is doing well because of the reach of its search engine and the effectiveness of its ads.

The government also said Thursday that businesses added to their stockpiles for the 20th consecutive month while sales rose for a third straight month. The increase suggests businesses remained confident enough to keep stocking their shelves.

Five stocks rose for every one that fell on the New York Stock Exchange. Trading volume was below average, 3.7 billion shares.

NEW YORK (Reuters) – The Dow and the S&P 500 fell on Thursday, but the Nasdaq composite index cut its losses to briefly turn positive in midday trading.

Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc (VRTX.O) was the top gainer on the Nasdaq 100 (.NDX), climbing 9 percent to $43.86 after IMS Health said it was revising estimates of the number of prescriptions written in late September for Vertex's hepatitis C drug.

The Dow and S&P remained solidly lower after three days of gains as earnings from JPMorgan and soft economic data from China reinforced worries about a slowing global economy.

The Dow Jones industrial average (.DJI) was down 95.06 points, or 0.83 percent, at 11,423.79. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index (.SPX) was down 11.51 points, or 0.95 percent, at 1,195.74. The Nasdaq Composite Index (.IXIC) was down 0.33 points, or 0.01 percent, at 2,604.40.

(Reporting by Ryan Vlastelica; Editing by Kenneth Barry)

NEW YORK (Reuters) – Stocks indexes pared losses on Monday as European bank shares recovered, and the Nasdaq turned positive, boosted by semiconductors after Broadcom Corp (BRCM.O) agreed to acquire NetLogic Microsystems Inc (NETL.O).

The Dow Jones industrial average (.DJI) dropped 16.87 points, or 0.15 percent, to 10,975.26. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index (.SPX) shed 0.06 points, or 0.01 percent, to 1,154.17. The Nasdaq Composite Index (.IXIC) gained 12.13 points, or 0.49 percent, to 2,480.12.

(Reporting by Chuck Mikolajczak; Editing by Padraic Cassidy)

NEW YORK – The stock market is having a strong end to a wild month.

The Dow Jones industrial average turned positive for the year Wednesday after a surge in factory orders reassured investors that the manufacturing industry is still healthy. Industrial and raw materials companies had the biggest gains.

Factory orders rose 2.4 percent in July, the largest increase since March. Demand for cars jumped the most in eight years and orders for commercial airplanes soared. Orders fell 0.8 percent in June. That caused worries that manufacturing, one of the best-performing areas of the U.S. economy since the recession ended two years ago, might be starting to sputter.

The Dow rose 78 points, or 0.7 percent, to 11,638. It has risen seven of the last eight days and is up 0.5 percent for the year. Aluminum maker Alcoa Inc. rose 3.7 percent, the most of the 30 companies that make up the Dow average.

Joy Global rose 4.4 percent after the mining equipment maker said its earnings rose 46 percent because of strong global demand for commodities like copper and coal.

That helped to push up other stocks in the mining and commodities industry. Mining company Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. rose 3.8 percent. Equipment giant Caterpillar Inc. rose 2.8 percent.

The Standard & Poor’s 500 index rose 9, or 0.8 percent, to 1,222. Nine of the 10 company groups that make up the index rose. The telecommunications industry was the only one to fall.

AT&T Inc. plunged 4.2 percent after the Justice Department filed a lawsuit to stop the company’s $39 billion merger with rival T-Mobile USA. Sprint Nextel Corp., which opposed the deal, rose 6.8 percent. It had the biggest gain in the S&P 500.

The Nasdaq composite index rose 15, or 0.6 percent, to 2,591.

The Dow is closing out an extraordinarily volatile month. The Dow had four consecutive days of 400-point swings after S&P downgraded the U.S. government’s credit rating Aug. 5, the first time that happened in the Dow’s 115-year history.

The S&P 500 hit a low for the year on Aug. 8, right after the downgrade, and has risen 9.7 percent since then.

Rex Macey, chief investment officer of Wilmington Trust, said he expected the big swings to continue until investors can determine if the U.S. economy is headed for another recession or a recovery.

“When you’re on the edge of growth versus recession, that’s a big difference,” he said. “Being near the precipice means that markets are going to be more volatile.”

NEW YORK – Wall Street’s wildest week since 2008 continued with another 400-plus point move for the Dow on Thursday. This time, stocks shot up after investors saw small signs that the economy might not be headed into another recession.

Fewer Americans joined the unemployment line last week, and a technology bellwether said revenue could grow faster this quarter than analysts expected. The news pushed prices on long-term Treasurys down, and gold fell from its record high.

The Dow Jones industrial average rose 549 points, or 5.1 percent, to 11,269 at 3:45 p.m. in New York.

During a calm market, a 400 point move would rank as the Dow’s biggest in months. During this volatile week, it’s the smallest. On Monday, The Dow plunged 634 points only to gain 429 points Tuesday and then sink 519 points Wednesday. If the Dow stays above 400 points through today’s close, it would be the first time in its history that it had four-straight 400-point days.

Such big up-and-down swings are reminiscent of 2008, when the financial crisis battered stocks. The last time the Standard & Poor’s 500 index rose or fell by 4 percent in four straight trading days, as it has just done, was Nov. 19, 2008 through Nov. 24, 2008. Over that span, the index went from down 6.1 percent to down 6.7 percent to up 6.3 percent to up 6.5 percent.

Carlton Neel, who manages about $2 billion as a senior portfolio manager at Virtus Investment Partners said investors are so scared of being the last one out of the market in a downturn or the last one in during a rally that they are stampeding in herds, creating more volatility.

“Fear tends to be a much more powerful emotion, and the sell-offs tend to be more violent than the rallies,” he said. “But people are worried about missing the bottom, so you will have a few melt-ups along the way.” That’s because memories of the last meltdown in 2008 are still fresh in the mind of many investors.

In October 2008, the Dow rose and fell by more than 400 points four times each. That includes a 936 point surge on Oct. 13 after European central banks pledged more aid to banks and the U.S. Treasury offered more details about how it would help U.S. banks. Two days later, when a report showed retail sales had fallen more than anticipated, the Dow dropped 733 points.

On Friday, the government will say how much people spent at retailers during July. Economists expect a 0.4 percent rise, according to FactSet.

The S&P 500 rose 64 , or 5.8 percent, to 1,185. It was the fourth straight day the index rose or fell by 4 percent. That hasn’t happened since Nov. 19-24, 2008 when it rose by at least 6.1 percent for two straight days and then fell by at least 6.3 percent for two more days.

Thursday’s gain came after the government said the number of people filing for unemployment benefits for the first time fell to 395,000 last week, down 7,000 from a week earlier. It’s the first time the number has dropped below 400,000 in four months.

Analysts said it may be a sign that the job market is slowly improving after its three-month slump. Job growth slowed to an average of 72,000 in May, June and July. In the previous three months, employers added 215,000 jobs per month, on average.

“It’s the first scrap of economic data we’ve had recently that says the idea that we’re going into another recession may be overdone,” Neel said.

In the last few weeks, investors have grown more worried about the economy. The government said last month that it grew at its slowest pace in the first half of 2011 since the recession ended in 2009. Unemployment is still above 9 percent.

The Nasdaq composite index rose 133, or 5.6 percent, to 2,514.

Technology stocks helped lead stocks higher. Cisco Systems Inc. profit for the latest quarter topped analysts’ expectations. Cisco is considered a bellwether for the tech industry because it is the world’s largest maker of computer networking equipment. The company also said revenue may grow more quickly in the current quarter than analysts were anticipating. Cisco rose 15.9 percent. As a group, tech stocks in the S&P 500 rose 3.6 percent.

Financial stocks also rebounded from their steep drop Wednesday, up 4.3 percent after a 7.1 percent drop a day earlier.

Media conglomerate News Corp., which owns Fox News and The Wall Street Journal, rose 18.9 percent. Its earnings, reported late Wednesday, were stronger than analysts expected.

Department store chain Kohl’s Corp. rose 7.9 percent after it said profit rose 17 percent last quarter on stronger sales of store-label brands.

Investors had been largely ignoring the strong profits that companies have reported since July. For the 452 companies in the S&P 500 that have reported second-quarter results so far, overall earnings are up 12 percent. Instead, investors have focused on worries about the weak U.S. economy and Europe’s debt problems.

The leaders of France and Germany, the biggest Eurozone economies, said they will meet next week to talk about how to solve the region’s financial difficulties. Worries that the continent’s debt problems could hurt the banks that own European government bonds have weighed heavily on financial stocks and the broader market. Pain for European banks could lead to more trouble for the U.S. banking industry and the economy because global financial firms are so closely linked.

Reports also circulated that European officials were considering a temporary ban on selling stocks short, which is a way that traders bet a stock will fall.

Rumors have been a force driving the market in the last week. On Friday, speculation that Standard & Poor’s may downgrade the U.S. from its top AAA credit rating helped knock down stocks. It turned out to be correct.

This week, speculation has centered on European banks, French ones in particular. The head of France’s central bank said Thursday that the country’s banks are solid, and he blamed “unfounded rumors” for big drops in their stocks.

Prices for longer-term Treasurys fell, as investors felt less need to put their money in investments considered safe. The yield on the 10-year Treasury note rose to 2.27 percent from 2.11 percent late Wednesday. A bond’s yield rises when its price falls.

Investors had been pouring into Treasurys earlier in the week, and they briefly knocked the 10-year yield to a record low of 2.03 percent Tuesday afternoon. Treasurys have held onto their reputation as a safe place to put money even after S&P cut the U.S. credit rating to AA+.

Gold also benefited early this week from buyers looking for something safe. It rose above $1,801 per ounce for the first time on Wednesday as stock markets tumbled around the world. But it fell to settle at $1,751.50 on Thursday.

CME Group raised the amount of money that investors must put up to buy a gold contract on its COMEX exchange by 22 percent late Wednesday.

The Vix index, a measure of investors’ fear, fell 11.8 percent to below 40. The index shows how worried investors are that the S&P 500 will drop over the next 30 days. It does that by measuring prices for stock options that investors buy to help protect their portfolios.

The Vix, though, is still nearly 30 percent above where it was in early July and remains up for the week.

The Dow’s climb on Thursday pulls the average further away from bear market territory: The Dow ended Wednesday 16.3 percent below its high for the year, reached on April 29. A drop of 20 percent would mean the bull market that began in March 2009 has turned into a bear, a long period of stock declines.

NEW YORK (Reuters) – Stocks turned higher in volatile afternoon trading on Wednesday, led by gains in technology shares.

The Dow Jones industrial average (.DJI) was up 2.38 points, or 0.02 percent, at 11,869.00. The Standard & Poor’s 500 Index (.SPX) was up 2.47 points, or 0.20 percent, at 1,256.52. The Nasdaq Composite Index (.IXIC) was up 16.71 points, or 0.63 percent, at 2,685.95.

(Reporting by Caroline Valetkevitch; Editing by Kenneth Barry)